Popular in Professional

Culture and Society

The City as a Growth Machine: Toward a Political Economy of Place

New York University Harvey Moltoch

Education

The Role of Education in Reducing Racial Inequality

University of Southern California Pedro A. Noguera

Law

Diversity and Social Mobility in the UK legal profession

Law Society I. Stephanie Boyce

Internet Law

The Law of AI for Good

University of San Diego Orly Lobel

Pharmacy

Cytotoxic Activity and Anti-Migratory Effect of Berberine-Phytantriol Liquid Crystalline on Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

University of Technology Sydney Kamal Dua

Human Rights Law

Transforming Restorative Justice for Transitional Settings

University of Nottingham Kerry Clamp

Education

Does travel desire influence COVID-19 vaccination intentions?

View more insights in Professional - Business - Marketing

View more figures from University of Portsmouth

View the page of Yuksel Ekinci

Read the Study

Yuksel Ekinci highlights the role of travel desire in COVID-19 vaccination intentions. Subjective norms, perceived risk, and attitudes towards vaccines play a significant role.

Image courtesy of interviewee. January 11, 2024

Generating Workspace

Export as PDF

The study discusses the challenges and uncertainties faced during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly regarding vaccine uptake. Amid the chaos of the pandemic and the government-imposed lockdowns, the introduction of the COVID-19 vaccine was met with significant vaccine hesitancy, with estimates indicating up to 30% of people in Western countries reluctant to get vaccinated.

The primary aim of the study was to understand the factors influencing individuals' decisions to take the vaccine. It identified several variables, including travel desire, subjective norms, perceived vaccine risks, and attitudes towards vaccination. It was found that subjective norms (peer influence) positively affected attitudes towards vaccination, while perceived vaccine risks negatively impacted those attitudes. Moreover, individuals with a strong desire to travel were more willing to receive the vaccine, as it provided motivation to return to normal life and engage in travel activities.

The research utilized surveys conducted in the United States, incorporating various elements influencing vaccination behavior. Key findings suggest that effective government campaigns should consider these factors and adapt messaging to address concerns about vaccine safety and leverage motivations related to social influences and travel desires.

In conclusion, this study emphasizes the importance of understanding the interplay between emotional and rational decision-making when addressing vaccine hesitancy, and suggests practical recommendations for improving vaccination campaigns based on observed behaviors and motivations.

Language:

Export as PDF

X-TIMESTAMP-MAP:LOCAL=00:00:00.000,MPEGTS=900000

00:00.105 --> 00:01.405
The context of this study.

00:01.465 --> 00:03.645
If I may take you back to the times

00:03.855 --> 00:08.205
where we experienced COVID-19, pandemic,

00:08.305 --> 00:11.205
the situation was actually quite,

00:11.205 --> 00:14.005
chaotic in the sense that we faced directly

00:14.005 --> 00:16.965
with this unknown phenomena called COVID-19 pandemic,

00:16.965 --> 00:18.205
which we never heard of this.

00:18.905 --> 00:21.765
And, and suddenly it created a lot of uncertainty

00:22.345 --> 00:23.805
around, around us.

00:24.225 --> 00:26.405
And the government wanted to take an action, immediate,

00:26.635 --> 00:31.285
obviously, lockdown was introduced, and,

00:31.585 --> 00:34.325
but this was not really the solution to our problems

00:34.325 --> 00:36.405
because that causes economic problems.

00:37.105 --> 00:38.285
We all went through this

00:38.545 --> 00:41.605
and people were speculating about this issue.

00:42.465 --> 00:44.845
We may probably survive this pandemic,

00:44.985 --> 00:48.205
but in fact, it may create a economic catastrophe.

00:49.105 --> 00:51.285
And all these elements create a lot

00:51.285 --> 00:53.005
of uncertainty about the issue.

00:53.945 --> 00:58.245
And later on, we face, I mean,

00:58.405 --> 01:02.085
a solution was introduced, which was the COVID-19 vaccine,

01:02.825 --> 01:05.925
and it was developed in short period of time successfully.

01:06.105 --> 01:10.245
But in fact, when government run a huge campaign in order

01:10.245 --> 01:14.325
to influence people's decision making about vaccine uptake,

01:15.885 --> 01:18.685
interestingly, not everybody was willing to take it,

01:18.755 --> 01:20.525
even though it was introduced a solution.

01:21.425 --> 01:24.565
So it was an important decision for every one of us

01:24.785 --> 01:28.255
as citizens, not just in this country,

01:28.355 --> 01:31.775
but also around the world, because it was a global pandemic,

01:32.075 --> 01:35.975
and that required a global, solution to this issue.

01:36.915 --> 01:39.535
And, vaccine hesitancy, despite all these efforts,

01:39.635 --> 01:43.255
was very high, as much as 30% in Western countries,

01:43.515 --> 01:47.215
but in other countries, it may even go up much higher.

01:47.675 --> 01:52.175
So the issue was try to understand people's,

01:52.735 --> 01:54.495
decision about getting vaccinated,

01:54.725 --> 01:59.375
accepting this is a solution to this important issue so

01:59.375 --> 02:02.175
that we will be able to probably move on in our lives.

02:02.915 --> 02:06.695
So the purpose of this study was at the time to understand

02:07.525 --> 02:11.415
individuals, intention take up vaccines

02:12.595 --> 02:16.495
and investigate critical factors that affect

02:17.915 --> 02:20.725
this particular phenomenon, this particular behavior.

02:21.825 --> 02:24.725
And we have identified several factors based on our

02:25.085 --> 02:26.645
investigation of the currently literature,

02:27.305 --> 02:28.725
but the situation was very new.

02:28.935 --> 02:30.485
There were other elements as well.

02:31.565 --> 02:35.985
So we found that maybe travel desire may influence,

02:36.725 --> 02:39.625
people's intention to get vaccinated.

02:40.165 --> 02:43.105
And it was a second purpose of this study

02:43.335 --> 02:45.585
because that involved the decision making.

02:46.045 --> 02:48.985
And over the years, economists,

02:49.175 --> 02:51.905
psychologists have studied people's decision making.

02:52.655 --> 02:55.425
What we know about this from the previous literature is

02:55.425 --> 02:58.905
that when people make a decision, their attitude towards

02:59.155 --> 03:02.645
That particular object, this object could be, you know,

03:02.855 --> 03:05.085
maybe a pill or it could be a bar of chocolate

03:05.915 --> 03:08.925
that they push people if it is positive, they push people

03:08.985 --> 03:10.165
to purchase that product

03:10.305 --> 03:12.965
or perhaps, develop certain type of action.

03:13.825 --> 03:18.005
And, and decision making also could be emotional

03:18.625 --> 03:19.685
or it could be rational.

03:19.935 --> 03:23.925
Economists argued for many years as human being,

03:23.925 --> 03:25.925
we are rational, but in fact they realize

03:26.435 --> 03:29.645
much later emotion also motivate people

03:29.665 --> 03:31.005
to perform in certain way.

03:31.345 --> 03:34.165
So if I take this ob as an object, like,

03:34.415 --> 03:35.765
painkiller is a pill.

03:37.125 --> 03:39.465
Buying painkiller is, is a rational decision making.

03:39.525 --> 03:41.185
We know what the consequences will be.

03:41.935 --> 03:44.065
It's secure to our, problems,

03:44.685 --> 03:46.905
and it, it will just disappear after that.

03:46.925 --> 03:48.505
That's a very rational decision making.

03:48.725 --> 03:50.105
But buying a bar of chocolate,

03:50.105 --> 03:52.105
knowing it's unhealthy is irrational.

03:52.175 --> 03:53.625
It's emotional decision making

03:53.845 --> 03:56.585
or perhaps smoking is additional decision making.

03:57.005 --> 03:59.185
Um, but real life is not really that simple.

03:59.965 --> 04:02.465
You know, play between these two components

04:02.735 --> 04:04.025
emotionally versus rational.

04:04.025 --> 04:06.745
But sometimes these two interplay between themselves,

04:06.805 --> 04:10.225
for example, buying a house or buying a car.

04:10.615 --> 04:13.105
That involves both our emotions

04:13.125 --> 04:15.025
but also rational decision making.

04:15.845 --> 04:16.985
So these are the things

04:16.985 --> 04:19.825
that we know when people make decisions, you know,

04:19.825 --> 04:22.465
these are the kind of things which we know from literature

04:22.975 --> 04:26.945
that our emotions as well rational influence our behavior.

04:27.785 --> 04:29.745
Behavior could be purchasing or product

04:29.765 --> 04:32.945
or perhaps behaving perform in certain acts.

04:33.675 --> 04:37.225
These are probably very internal that's been illustrated,

04:37.845 --> 04:41.025
but we found a model which was very well known in our

04:41.265 --> 04:43.145
literature called Tier of Reason Action.

04:43.735 --> 04:47.185
They argue that, in addition to these two component,

04:47.875 --> 04:50.955
there is another element which is subjective norms.

04:51.215 --> 04:53.395
So when we make a decision to perform

04:53.535 --> 04:57.985
and act, in fact, our,

04:59.595 --> 05:01.265
other elements such as people

05:01.285 --> 05:04.185
around us like social pressure may also

05:04.185 --> 05:05.425
influence our decision making.

05:05.645 --> 05:08.665
So social pressure involved in group behavior.

05:09.685 --> 05:13.825
We don't live in isolations, we live in societies

05:14.285 --> 05:15.865
and we have people around us.

05:16.175 --> 05:19.305
Most people could be opinion leaders of certain groups,

05:19.565 --> 05:21.465
or it could be our friends families.

05:22.015 --> 05:24.985
They also pressurize us to make a decision.

05:25.405 --> 05:29.665
So when we apply this concept into vaccinations, we found

05:29.665 --> 05:30.865
that that's a relevant model,

05:31.445 --> 05:33.625
but that wasn't really all about that.

05:34.165 --> 05:37.065
And there were other variables which we found later on.

05:37.765 --> 05:41.665
The other two variables involved a perceived risk

05:41.695 --> 05:45.145
because vaccination was developed in short period of time,

05:45.885 --> 05:48.665
and people are concerned about the effect

05:48.665 --> 05:50.545
of this side effect of vaccination.

05:50.645 --> 05:54.425
So perceived vaccination risk was important

05:54.425 --> 05:56.585
element as well as

05:56.705 --> 05:58.125
People's travel desire,

05:58.125 --> 06:01.945
because people were locked down for a long time

06:02.605 --> 06:05.065
and they were not able to travel.

06:05.805 --> 06:09.265
And interestingly, travel is, is a rewarding experience.

06:09.765 --> 06:12.625
You know, we do it probably sometimes routinely,

06:12.885 --> 06:17.265
but, we achieve a lot of goals as a result of that.

06:17.325 --> 06:20.385
We feel we are in control, we are connected

06:20.385 --> 06:21.945
with the people in societies,

06:22.525 --> 06:25.785
but also it's a rewarding experience

06:25.785 --> 06:27.065
because we make decisions

06:27.765 --> 06:31.705
and that s decision make us satisfied with life

06:31.725 --> 06:32.945
or perhaps things that we do.

06:33.405 --> 06:36.625
So these two elements we're missing,

06:36.625 --> 06:38.945
in the current literature, which we introduced

06:39.045 --> 06:43.225
to investigate people's vaccina COVID-19 vaccination

06:43.465 --> 06:44.545
behavior, we have,

06:44.685 --> 06:47.225
we conducted this study in the United States with the,

06:47.535 --> 06:49.185
with large sample of people

06:49.185 --> 06:51.505
because, data was available to us,

06:51.645 --> 06:54.625
but also we have funding to connect us to the United States.

06:54.725 --> 06:58.625
But as I mentioned earlier, this was a global issue.

06:58.685 --> 07:01.705
So what they will be obtained from,

07:01.955 --> 07:04.745
those studies were relevant to other countries

07:04.745 --> 07:06.705
because they were facing similar issues.

07:07.205 --> 07:10.585
So we conducted two surveys, with the citizens

07:10.805 --> 07:13.945
of us people and randomly selected them.

07:14.805 --> 07:19.425
And we measured the perceived risk of vaccine COVID-19,

07:20.085 --> 07:24.705
vaccine, but also their attitudes towards,

07:25.405 --> 07:29.115
vaccinations as well as intention to,

07:29.985 --> 07:33.025
take up, uptake vaccine.

07:33.965 --> 07:36.465
And also we ask them about,

07:38.105 --> 07:40.655
subjective norms, whether when they make a decision,

07:40.655 --> 07:45.475
whether they consider other people around them in order

07:45.475 --> 07:48.675
to make a decisions, and as well as their,

07:48.675 --> 07:51.715
travel desire, whether they're willing to travel both

07:52.555 --> 07:54.435
domestically or internationally.

07:55.095 --> 07:58.915
So all these, elements help us

07:58.975 --> 08:00.835
to draft a survey.

08:01.265 --> 08:03.515
This survey was, tested

08:04.175 --> 08:06.315
and then later on send out to citizens,

08:07.335 --> 08:11.515
and we received the, about over 1000 people respond

08:11.515 --> 08:14.355
to the survey, and we drove, conclusions

08:14.525 --> 08:16.555
after, making analysis

08:17.335 --> 08:19.515
and, come up with some recommendations.

08:19.615 --> 08:20.875
So that was our methodology.

08:21.335 --> 08:23.355
Our finding was actually, we didn't know

08:23.355 --> 08:26.275
because, previous studies,

08:26.895 --> 08:30.435
did some work on this element vaccination behavior.

08:30.695 --> 08:32.875
But, because the, the subject was new,

08:33.215 --> 08:35.755
but also it wasn't really investigated before

08:35.755 --> 08:37.035
because there was no such things.

08:37.575 --> 08:40.275
It wasn't like, not like other type of vaccines.

08:40.275 --> 08:42.995
It was everything was new that involved a lot of risks.

08:44.135 --> 08:45.875
So we found that in the first place,

08:46.525 --> 08:49.075
subjective norms had a positive attitudes.

08:49.935 --> 08:53.635
So positive influence on attitude towards vaccination

08:55.545 --> 09:00.205
And vaccine risk had a negative impact on,

09:00.525 --> 09:01.805
attitude towards vaccinations.

09:02.305 --> 09:05.285
And these three elements push people

09:05.905 --> 09:09.365
to behave in such a way that they are willing to take

09:09.905 --> 09:14.245
the vaccines or perhaps not willing to take the vaccine.

09:17.955 --> 09:20.655
And in addition to that, what we have found that

09:21.595 --> 09:25.775
travel desire moderated the impact of

09:26.655 --> 09:30.695
attitude towards COVID-19 vaccines on intention

09:30.695 --> 09:33.295
to take up vaccine.

09:34.285 --> 09:37.935
What does that mean is basically you can imagine

09:37.935 --> 09:39.295
that there are two groups of people

09:40.035 --> 09:41.895
who have strong desire to travel.

09:42.645 --> 09:45.775
They're more willing to take a vaccine compared

09:45.775 --> 09:48.695
to other group who have less desire to travel.

09:49.835 --> 09:52.095
And that makes sense that I immediately

09:52.805 --> 09:54.535
make us two different segments.

09:55.755 --> 09:59.855
And, and also that introduces different type

09:59.855 --> 10:04.535
of recommendations for the government who had been running

10:05.125 --> 10:08.775
huge campaign in order to influence,

10:09.055 --> 10:10.895
people's vaccination behavior.

10:12.935 --> 10:14.095
I think during that time,

10:14.485 --> 10:17.375
what was important was government was dealing with

10:17.375 --> 10:20.735
that issue or running a big, campaign

10:20.805 --> 10:24.615
because that was crucial in order to achieve herd immunity

10:25.605 --> 10:29.015
because vaccination hesitancy was high by 30%,

10:30.235 --> 10:31.655
it will not be successful.

10:32.515 --> 10:35.635
So in order to get as successful

10:35.695 --> 10:39.995
or effective marketing campaign for influencing people's,

10:40.095 --> 10:42.835
vaccination behavior, they need

10:42.835 --> 10:46.195
to understand all these variables that affect this kind

10:46.195 --> 10:50.195
of behavior and change the, campaign

10:50.685 --> 10:54.395
where necessary by perhaps introducing different type

10:54.395 --> 10:57.515
of messages as well as other elements during that campaign.

10:57.785 --> 11:00.755
Sure, I think what we have found actually, in order

11:00.755 --> 11:03.875
to influence, citizens

11:03.895 --> 11:07.155
or individuals COVID-19 vaccination behavior,

11:08.135 --> 11:11.915
and we know that, subjective norm is important

11:13.775 --> 11:17.715
and also we know perceived risk is important as well

11:17.715 --> 11:21.635
as people's attitude towards COVID-19 vaccinations.

11:22.595 --> 11:26.075
I think all these found a critical factors

11:26.995 --> 11:29.635
that motivates people to get vaccinated.

11:30.775 --> 11:32.875
Travel desire was important at that moment.

11:33.375 --> 11:35.275
It may not be important currently

11:35.865 --> 11:38.275
because there is less risk involved,

11:38.815 --> 11:41.835
or if I may take a different example.

11:41.895 --> 11:43.755
If you travel to Africa, for example,

11:44.535 --> 11:47.675
if there's a particular vaccine you need to get, you do it.

11:47.695 --> 11:49.315
So travel design is not that important,

11:49.375 --> 11:51.235
but at that moment it was important

11:51.235 --> 11:52.595
because it was important,

11:52.735 --> 11:57.405
Uh, motivator people

11:57.435 --> 12:01.525
because people, experience a long period of lockdown,

12:01.855 --> 12:05.975
which affected their, health,

12:06.355 --> 12:08.415
but at the same time, mental health,

12:09.115 --> 12:11.095
but also other elements as well.

12:11.515 --> 12:15.015
So for those people who were long to travel,

12:16.975 --> 12:19.635
wanted to get vaccinated as soon as possible so

12:19.635 --> 12:21.795
that they can achieve their travel goals, meeting

12:21.795 --> 12:23.475
with their loved ones, for example,

12:24.335 --> 12:27.795
or being in control to, you know,

12:29.255 --> 12:30.275
making decisions,

12:31.255 --> 12:35.275
but also seeing different places, which they haven't been

12:36.125 --> 12:38.305
for a long time, for about 18 months or longer.

00:00 - The context of this study. If I may take you back to the times where we experienced COVID-19, pandemic, the situation was actually quite, chaotic in the sense that we faced directly with this unknown phenomena called COVID-19 pandemic,

00:16 - which we never heard of this. And, and suddenly it created a lot of uncertainty around, around us. And the government wanted to take an action, immediate, obviously, lockdown was introduced, and, but this was not really the solution to our problems because that causes economic problems. We all went through this and people were speculating about this issue. We may probably survive this pandemic,

00:44 - but in fact, it may create a economic catastrophe. And all these elements create a lot of uncertainty about the issue. And later on, we face, I mean, a solution was introduced, which was the COVID-19 vaccine, and it was developed in short period of time successfully. But in fact, when government run a huge campaign in order to influence people's decision making about vaccine uptake, interestingly, not everybody was willing to take it, even though it was introduced a solution.

01:21 - So it was an important decision for every one of us as citizens, not just in this country, but also around the world, because it was a global pandemic, and that required a global, solution to this issue. And, vaccine hesitancy, despite all these efforts, was very high, as much as 30% in Western countries, but in other countries, it may even go up much higher. So the issue was try to understand people's, decision about getting vaccinated, accepting this is a solution to this important issue so

01:59 - that we will be able to probably move on in our lives. So the purpose of this study was at the time to understand individuals, intention take up vaccines and investigate critical factors that affect this particular phenomenon, this particular behavior. And we have identified several factors based on our investigation of the currently literature, but the situation was very new. There were other elements as well. So we found that maybe travel desire may influence,

02:36 - people's intention to get vaccinated. And it was a second purpose of this study because that involved the decision making. And over the years, economists, psychologists have studied people's decision making. What we know about this from the previous literature is that when people make a decision, their attitude towards That particular object, this object could be, you know, maybe a pill or it could be a bar of chocolate that they push people if it is positive, they push people

03:08 - to purchase that product or perhaps, develop certain type of action. And, and decision making also could be emotional or it could be rational. Economists argued for many years as human being, we are rational, but in fact they realize much later emotion also motivate people to perform in certain way. So if I take this ob as an object, like, painkiller is a pill.

03:37 - Buying painkiller is, is a rational decision making. We know what the consequences will be. It's secure to our, problems, and it, it will just disappear after that. That's a very rational decision making. But buying a bar of chocolate, knowing it's unhealthy is irrational. It's emotional decision making or perhaps smoking is additional decision making. but real life is not really that simple.

03:59 - You know, play between these two components emotionally versus rational. But sometimes these two interplay between themselves, for example, buying a house or buying a car. That involves both our emotions but also rational decision making. So these are the things that we know when people make decisions, you know, these are the kind of things which we know from literature that our emotions as well rational influence our behavior.

04:27 - Behavior could be purchasing or product or perhaps behaving perform in certain acts. These are probably very internal that's been illustrated, but we found a model which was very well known in our literature called Tier of Reason Action. They argue that, in addition to these two component, there is another element which is subjective norms. So when we make a decision to perform and act, in fact, our, other elements such as people

05:01 - around us like social pressure may also influence our decision making. So social pressure involved in group behavior. We don't live in isolations, we live in societies and we have people around us. Most people could be opinion leaders of certain groups, or it could be our friends families. They also pressurize us to make a decision. So when we apply this concept into vaccinations, we found that that's a relevant model,

05:31 - but that wasn't really all about that. And there were other variables which we found later on. The other two variables involved a perceived risk because vaccination was developed in short period of time, and people are concerned about the effect of this side effect of vaccination. So perceived vaccination risk was important element as well as People's travel desire, because people were locked down for a long time

06:02 - and they were not able to travel. And interestingly, travel is, is a rewarding experience. You know, we do it probably sometimes routinely, but, we achieve a lot of goals as a result of that. We feel we are in control, we are connected with the people in societies, but also it's a rewarding experience because we make decisions and that s decision make us satisfied with life or perhaps things that we do.

06:33 - So these two elements we're missing, in the current literature, which we introduced to investigate people's vaccina COVID-19 vaccination behavior, we have, we conducted this study in the United States with the, with large sample of people because, data was available to us, but also we have funding to connect us to the United States. But as I mentioned earlier, this was a global issue. So what they will be obtained from,

07:01 - those studies were relevant to other countries because they were facing similar issues. So we conducted two surveys, with the citizens of us people and randomly selected them. And we measured the perceived risk of vaccine COVID-19, vaccine, but also their attitudes towards, vaccinations as well as intention to, take up, uptake vaccine. And also we ask them about, subjective norms, whether when they make a decision,

07:40 - whether they consider other people around them in order to make a decisions, and as well as their, travel desire, whether they're willing to travel both domestically or internationally. So all these, elements help us to draft a survey. This survey was, tested and then later on send out to citizens, and we received the, about over 1000 people respond to the survey, and we drove, conclusions

08:14 - after, making analysis and, come up with some recommendations. So that was our methodology. Our finding was actually, we didn't know because, previous studies, did some work on this element vaccination behavior. But, because the, the subject was new, but also it wasn't really investigated before because there was no such things. It wasn't like, not like other type of vaccines.

08:40 - It was everything was new that involved a lot of risks. So we found that in the first place, subjective norms had a positive attitudes. So positive influence on attitude towards vaccination And vaccine risk had a negative impact on, attitude towards vaccinations. And these three elements push people to behave in such a way that they are willing to take the vaccines or perhaps not willing to take the vaccine. And in addition to that, what we have found that

09:21 - travel desire moderated the impact of attitude towards COVID-19 vaccines on intention to take up vaccine. What does that mean is basically you can imagine that there are two groups of people who have strong desire to travel. They're more willing to take a vaccine compared to other group who have less desire to travel. And that makes sense that I immediately make us two different segments.

09:55 - And, and also that introduces different type of recommendations for the government who had been running huge campaign in order to influence, people's vaccination behavior. I think during that time, what was important was government was dealing with that issue or running a big, campaign because that was crucial in order to achieve herd immunity because vaccination hesitancy was high by 30%, it will not be successful.

10:32 - So in order to get as successful or effective marketing campaign for influencing people's, vaccination behavior, they need to understand all these variables that affect this kind of behavior and change the, campaign where necessary by perhaps introducing different type of messages as well as other elements during that campaign. Sure, I think what we have found actually, in order to influence, citizens or individuals COVID-19 vaccination behavior,

11:08 - and we know that, subjective norm is important and also we know perceived risk is important as well as people's attitude towards COVID-19 vaccinations. I think all these found a critical factors that motivates people to get vaccinated. Travel desire was important at that moment. It may not be important currently because there is less risk involved, or if I may take a different example. If you travel to Africa, for example,

11:44 - if there's a particular vaccine you need to get, you do it. So travel design is not that important, but at that moment it was important because it was important, motivator people because people, experience a long period of lockdown, which affected their, health, but at the same time, mental health, but also other elements as well. So for those people who were long to travel,

12:16 - wanted to get vaccinated as soon as possible so that they can achieve their travel goals, meeting with their loved ones, for example, or being in control to, you know, making decisions, but also seeing different places, which they haven't been for a long time, for about 18 months or longer.

Faculti AI can make mistakes