Even with aware, motivated, and resourced members, organizations struggle to adapt to change. Complex-systems theory argues that linked organizational issues might indirectly affect important activities. Decision-makers may focus on innovative ways to complete specialized tasks rather than integrating outcomes because they struggle to perceive ripple effects. Information-processing frameworks help grasp interdependencies. Sequence analysis of esports team data, qualitative fieldwork, and online experiments support these theories.

Image courtesy of interviewee. January 12, 2024